METHODS OF BIRTH CONTROL: THE PESSARY
This is a device worn by the woman to prevent sperm cells from entering the uterus and to prevent the fertilized egg cells from being embedded in the uterine wall. The type that covers the cervix, or mouth of the uterus, is called a diaphragm.
I consider the diaphragm the best mechanical method that women can use to prevent conception. It is made of soft rubber stretched over and around a rim consisting of a flexible metal ring. Some time before the sexual act takes place, the diaphragm is coated with a vaginal contraceptive jelly both inside and out, and inserted.
If the diaphragm is allowed to remain in place for eight hours after intercourse, no douche is needed either before or after it is removed. A plain, warm-water douche may be taken for the sake of daintiness. If the diaphragm has been carefully fitted by a physician, if directions are followed exactly, and if it is regularly inspected for holes or tears by holding it up to the light and stretching it gently, it should prove reliable, safe, and comfortable to wear.
I have found that there is a considerable risk of impregnation while the woman is first learning to use the diaphragm. Usually, this is because she has not fully comprehended the doctor’s instructions. During this period, I recommend that the husband use the condom, perhaps for several weeks, until the wife feels completely sure about the method of inserting the diaphragm, and until she has returned to her doctor for her technique to be checked.
Another type of pessary is the intra-uterine contraceptive device (sometimes referred to as the IUD), which has received growing acceptance after considerable modification from its original form. Generally, this device consists of a stem, button, ring, or star-shaped piece of hard rubber, metal, or plastic. When placed in the uterus by a doctor, it prevents pregnancy by keeping the fertilized egg from embedding itself in the wall of the uterus. Some women may find the device irritating to the sensitive tissues of the vagina, or they may expel it spontaneously.
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